The most significant change in coal (कोयला) research is moving away from
simple combustion (burning coal to make steam) toward a process called
Gasification.
- The Technical Process: Coal is heated to nearly 1800°C in a high-pressure
vessel with steam and oxygen. Instead of burning, it undergoes a chemical
reaction to create Syngas (a mix of Hydrogen and Carbon Monoxide). - The “Shift” Reaction: To get more hydrogen, the Syngas is sent to a “Shift
Reactor” where it meets more steam. The Carbon Monoxide reacts with the
steam to turn into even more Hydrogen and CO_2. - Carbon Capture: Because the CO_2 is produced in a concentrated stream
during this process, it is much easier to capture and bury underground
(Sequestration) than the smoke from a traditional chimney.